The first epidemic of dengue fever occurred in china in 1978, and was followed by an epidemic of dhf in hainan island in 198586 caused by the den2 serotype. During the 5 years from 2012 to 2016, nearly 800 dengue cases were reported per week. However, these case records have not been analyzed statistically beyond producing aggregated reports by year. Dengue situation in the americas update published popular. Dengue shock syndromedss is a severe form of dengue. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Dengue cannot be spread directly from person to person. Most people with dengue fever can get better just by drinking enough.
The dengue fever outbreak in 2017 in sri lanka was caused by denv2 virus. There are four dengue virus denv types denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4, all of which are capable of inducing severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf dengue shock syndrome dss. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Dengue virus, current topics in microbiology and immunology dengue.
Guidelines on management of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever in children and adolescents. The 2004 dengue virus infection outbreak 12 and now the 2012 chikungunya fever outbreak in bhutan suggest that despite its remote location, the country is still figure 1. World health organization regional office for southeast asia. Significant outbreaks of dengue fever tend to occur every five or six months. Effectiveness of space spraying on the transmission of dengue. Past, present, and future vulnerability to dengue in jamaica mdpi. Endemic in more than 120 countries, particularly the southeast asian and western pacific regions, the caribbe. In dengue endemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible. In 2010 guidelines were developed on the management of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever in children and adolescents. Purpose dengue fever is a reportable condition in the kingdom of saudi arabia ksa. Jul 16, 2018 author summary dengue fever, an extensively spread mosquitoborne disease, is endemic in more than 100 countries. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate. Each year, an estimated 390 million people are infected. Guidelines on management of dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever in children and adolescents external link opens in a new window ministry of health, sri lanka.
From 26 september 2012 to 3 march 20, the autonomous province of madeira, portugal, reported its first dengue outbreak dengue 1 virus. Dengue fever at the bluebird theater in 2012 their second album escape from dragon house was released in 2005. Mohuya chaudhuri gives some reasons it has taken several outbreaks for the government of india to realise that dengue fever is a serious public health problem. As more information was collated on the ratio of dengue haemorrhagic fever to dengue fever. It is a mosquitoborne, single positivestranded rna virus of the family flaviviridae. The global distribution and burden of dengue nature. No severe clinical forms were reported, and there were no fatalities.
Dengue fever pronounced dengi is a tropical infectious disease caused by the dengue virus. Guidelines for patient care in the region of the americas. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into severe dengue, also known as dengue. Dengue begins abruptly after an incubation period of 57 days range, 310 days, and the course follows 3 phases. Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Jul 19, 20 dengue outbreak federated states of micronesia, 2012 20. Jul 29, 2016 dengue is a mosquitoborne flavivirus found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, mostly in urban and semiurban settings. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Therefore, we analyzed dengue fever data collected by the vbdu from 2008 to 2012 to inform. Volume 20, issue 2 marchapril 2012 emerging infectious diseases. The album was one of s top 100 editors picks of 2005.
Pdf dengue fever epidemiology and control in the caribbean. Dengue is endemic throughout the tropics and subtropics and is a leading cause of febrile illness. Further events were held in 2012 in yangon, myanmar and in 20 in vietnam. Dengue haemorrhagic fever has caused many a young life to be lost in the country in the recent past. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue hemorrhagic fever dengue shock syndrome may resemble bacterial sepsis, e. Every year, without fail, this tropical infectious disease affects thousands of indian lives. A case report of dengue haemorrhagic fever complicated with. Five serotypes of the virus have been found, all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. There has been a significant increase in incidence of dengue fever in central and south america and the caribbean since 1980. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted byaedes.
Given that dengue virus infection elicits such a broad range of clinical symptoms, early and accurate laboratory diagnosis is e. Dengue fever simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Factsheet on dengue and severe dengue january 2012. Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj best. Once you are infected with one of the dengue viruses, you will develop immunity to that. Apart from symptoms of mild dengue fever, the person may experience. However, no identifiable or commentary dengue fever epidemiology and control in the caribbean. On september 26, 2012, a woman aged 35 years from kosrae in the federated states of micronesia fsm was hospitalized with fever, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Dengue fever nord national organization for rare disorders. The most common symptoms of dengue are high fever for 27 days, severe headache, backache, joint pains, nausea and vomiting, eye pain and rash. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted by the bite of a female aedes mosquito aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus carrying dengue virus.
The new engl and journal of medicine 1424 n engl j med 366. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes while taking a blood meal. Infection with any of the 4 dengue virus serotypes results in a diverse range of symptoms, from mild undifferentiated fever to lifethreatening hemorrhagic fever and shock. Many tropical and subtropical regions of the world are currently combating this disease, including 112 countries in the americas, africa, asia, and australia. Longitudinal monitoring of dfdhf cases and spray activities in songkhla municipality was. In europe, dengue is second only to malaria as the febrile illness causing most. Dengue fever is also called breakbone fever, because it can cause so much pain that people feel like their bones are breaking. These guidelines were developed based on the best available evidence at the time of writing. In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue.
Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. It is expected to be used in the clinical management of dengue infection in sri lanka. It was the first sustained transmission of dengue in the european union since the 1920s. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Hemorrhage is an important complication in dengue infection, but early predictors of clinically. Guidelines on management of df dhf in adults epidemiology unit. It is assumed that the 2018 cases were also caused by the same. As of epidemiological week ew 31 of 2011, a total of 890,756 dengue cases, including 10,840 severe dengue cases and 488 dengue caused deaths, had been reported in the region of the americas. Dec 01, 2012 dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or dss. Dec 09, 2015 dengue fever should be distinguished from other illnesses which share similar symptoms such as chikungunya, mayaro fever, ross river fever, west nile fever, zika fever, yellow fever and viral hemorrhagic fevers. Dengue fever is also called breakbone fever, because it can cause so much pain that people feel like their bones are breaking most people with dengue fever can get better just by drinking enough. Dengue can also resemble endemic wnv fever and fleaborne murine typhus. May 06, 2019 dengue fever is one of the commonest infections affecting a large population of people in sri lanka. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses.
Each year indias dengue epidemic gets worse, with almost 50 000 cases reported in 2012. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information center. Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control by the world health organization who in 20091, the need to provide more training to healthcare workers in this area has become increasingly evident. Information about dengue disease burden, its prevalence and incidence and geographic distribution is necessary to guide in planning appropriate control measures including the dengue vaccine that has recently been licensed in a few countries. Dengue fever ryan gentry, ba, mph isdh field epidemiology director globally, dengue is the most common mosquitoborne viral disease of humans and in recent years has become a major international public health concern. Tracking dengue fever in china dengue fever dengue is a viral disease transmitted from host to host by mosquitoes shepherd, 2012, background.
Oct 29, 2019 in dengue endemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible. But sometimes the infection develops into a lifethreatening condition. The guidelines, published in november 2012, supersede the previous guidelines on management of dengue fever dengue haemorrhagic fever published by. Doc biology investigatory projec report dengue fever. This publication complements the 2009 edition of dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control pdf 1. Periodic epidemics have occurred in the western hemisphere for over 200 years.
Dengue virus is transmitted to people by the bite of an infected mosquito. Dengue fever treatment algorithm bmj best practice us. A spatial model of socioeconomic and environmental. The leading dengue vaccine candidate, chimerivax sanofi pasteur, is a tetravalent formulation of attenuated yellow fever 17d vaccine strains expressing the dengue virus prm and e proteins. Endemic in more than 120 countries, particularly the southeast asian and western pacific regions, the caribbean, latin america, and some regions in the us, africa, and middle east. Mar, 2019 given that there were 1080 denv confirmed cases during the 2012 20 outbreak and based on the assumption that only 20% infections led to symptomatic dengue fever cases, an estimated 5400 people might actually have had dengue during the epidemic and the probable prevalence rate of viral infection would be 2. Epidemiology, prevention and control of dengue fever in hong kong purpose the purpose of this document is to update the epidemiology, preventive and control measures of dengue fever df and provide recommendations on combating the disease in hong kong. Apr 25, 2019 on a national scale, the annual dengue surveillance data from the philippines included among other countries in the world health organization western pacific region showed dengue fever notification rates of 1. Dengue fever west virginia department of health and. A risk to anyone traveling to a tropical or subtropical region of the world where dengue virus is found. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Jan 24, 2012 jan 24, 2012 cidrap news the world health organization who sounded a new warning today about the spread of dengue fever, saying cases have increased sharply since 2008 and more than 40% of the worlds population is at risk for infection. A dengue fever test is a blood test that checks for signs of a dengue fever infection. Casebased information is collected by the vectorborne disease unit vbdu in the ministry of health moh.
Mar 31, 2017 dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and is caused by one of four dengue viruses. By the late 1990s, dengue was the most important mosquitoborne disease affecting humans after malaria, with around 40 million cases of dengue fever and several hundred thousand cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever each year. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Until the antiviral vaccine becomes available, the prevention of severe cases and cutdown of the economic burden of the disease rely. Dengue hemorrhagic fever presenting as encephalitis. Dengue fever use also for dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome patient demographics. Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj.
Who says 40% of population at risk for dengue fever cidrap. A large number of autochthonous cases of dengue fever 2237 and chikungunya fever 231 occurred in europe italy, france, croatia, madeira during the period covered by our analysis 2007 2012. Notifiable disease guidelines dengue fever july 2012. Chikungunya and dengue autochthonous cases in europe, 2007. In 2012, there were 708 positive cases in fiji, whilst in 20 2014, fiji experienced a dengue fever epidemic with over 15,000 cases confirmed, which probably only represents a small portion of the total number affected by dengue. Dengue fever is a vectorborne disease that is transmitted by the bite of. This has clearly helped reduce the mortality due to dengue. It is the fastest spreading vectorborne viral disease and is now endemic in over 100 countries, resulting in 40% of the worlds population living in an area at risk for dengue. Dengue fever in makkah, kingdom of saudi arabia, 20082012. Dengue is a selflimited, systemic viral infection transmitted. Aggravation of anemia and bleeding risk faculty of. Phylogenetic analyses of the envelope protein 1 e1 sequences of chikungunya virus chikv isolated in bhutan in 2012.
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